FACULTY

Eugenia Kalnay

Distinguished University Professor, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science

Member of the National Academy of Engineering (1996); foreign member of the Academia Europaea (2000); Distinguished University Professor, UMD, 2001; Eugenia Brin Professor in Data Assimilation (2008); corresponding member of the Argentine National Academy of Physical Sciences (2003), Fellow of AGU (2005), AAAS (2006), UMD Kirwan 2006 Award, former Robert E. Lowry Chair, School of Meteorology, U. of Oklahoma. Former Director of the Environmental Modeling Center at NCEP. Her recent work on the impact of land use on climate change (Kalnay and Cai, Nature, 2003), was chosen by Discovery Magazine as one of the top 100 science news of the year (see feature in International Association for Urban Climate newsletter). The Reanalysis paper of 1996 is the most cited paper in all geosciences in the last decades. Education: License in Meteorology, University of Buenos Aires, 1965. Ph. D., 1971, MIT (under Jule G. Charney). Email: ekalnay@atmos.umd.edu Tel: (301) 405-5370/5391; Fax: (301)314-9482 
Address: Department of Meteorology, University of Maryland, 3431 Computer and Space Sciences Bldg., College Park, MD, 20742-2425

From 1987 to 1997, Eugenia Kalnay was the Director of the Environmental Modeling Center (EMC, ex Development Division) of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP, ex NMC), National Weather Service (NWS). During those ten years there were major improvements in the NWS models' forecast skill. Many successful projects such as the 50-year NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis, Eta model and data assimilation changes associated with GCIP, seasonal and interannual dynamical predictions, ensemble forecasting, 3-D and 4-D variational data assimilation, advanced quality control, coastal ocean forecasting, were developed. EMC became a pioneer in both the fundamental science and the practical applications of numerical weather prediction.

Current research interests of Dr. Kalnay are in predictability and ensemble forecasting, numerical weather prediction, data assimilation, coupled ocean-atmosphere modeling and climate change. With her collaborators Dr. Zhao-xia Pu and Dr. Seon Ki Park, she introduced the method of backward integration of atmospheric models and several novel applications to targeted observations and data assimilation. Dr. Zoltan Toth and Eugenia Kalnay introduced the breeding method for ensemble forecasting. She is also the author (with Ross Hoffman and Wesley Ebisuzaki) of other widely used ensemble methods known as Lagged Averaged Forecasting and Scaled LAF. Cambridge University Press published her book, Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability, in November of 2002, which sold out within a year, is now on its fourth printing and was officially translated and published in Chinese (2005).

She worked with Drs. Shu-Chih Yang and Ming Cai on ensemble and data assimilation methods on coupled ocean-atmosphere models using breeding (Cai et al, 2003, Yang et al, 2005, 2006), on the one and two-way interaction of the ocean and the atmosphere (Pena et al., 2003), and on the estimation of the impact of land-cover and land-use in climate change (Kalnay and Cai, 2003, Cai and Kalnay, 2005, Lim et al., 2005, Kalnay et al. 2006, Lim et al. 2006).

She is working with the Weather/Chaos Group at UMCP, which discovered the presence of low dimensionality in unstable regions of the atmosphere (Patil et al, 2002) and applied this result to develop the Local Ensemble Kalman Filter (Ott et al. 2002, 2004, Szunyogh et al., 2005) and the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (Hunt, 2005, Hunt et al., 2006), and its extension to 4 dimensions (Hunt et al, 2004). The application of breeding to data assimilation resulted in an efficient hybrid method (Corazza et al 2002, Kalnay et al 2002).  She has also published papers on atmospheric dynamics and convection, use of satellite data, numerical methods, and the atmosphere of Venus. She received several major awards including the AMS Jule G. Charney Award, the NASA medal for Exceptional Scientific Achievement, Dept of Commerce gold medals, the Senior Executive Service Presidential Rank Award, and the first Eugenia Brin Endowed Professorship in Data Assimilation (2008).

Malise Cooper Dick, Malise and Eugenia, Washington Post

In the midst of chaos, good predictions

International Association for Urban Climate features our work ; JGR paper on Argentina’s land change

Ensemble Kalman Filter: Current Status and Potential (book Chapter)

Accelerating spin-up in EnKF: Running in Place

Six Lectures in Alghero, MSMM08: 1: (intro predict), 2: Tang/Adj Models-SVs, 3: BV applications, 4: EKF&EnKF, 5: New ideas to improve EnKF, 6: 4D-Var and EnKF

Two lectures in Puerto Rico: 1. Reanalyses; 2. Impact of Land Use on Climate Change

Thesis of Junjie Liu: Adaptive obs, obs sensitivity, obs impact w/o adjoint, and assimilation of humidity. PPT of defense. Forecast sensitivity to observations without adjoint (QJ) .

Recent Publications

Applications of LETKF: adaptive observations, information content, observation sensitivity and assimilation of humidity: Junjie Liu thesis defense PPT.

Tellus A (Oct07): 4D-Var or EnKF?, Discussion by Gustafsson, Response to Discussion

LETKF with realistic observations (Dr. Hong Li defense PPT); Hong Li dissertation; Simultaneous estimation of inflation and observational errors

Lidar Workshop: Adaptive observations

AMS 2007 presentations (ppt.pdf): Li-Kalnay-Online-Estimation-Inflation&ObErrors, Liu-Kalnay-AdaptiveObservations, Liu-AssimHumidity, Li-AIRSretrievals, Li-Model-Errors, Yang-QGcomparison-4DVarEnKFHybrid3DVar, Kalnay-ArakawaSymposium (Breeding-A simple tool for complex dynamics);Kalnay-Li-Miyoshi:Inflation-ObErrorsEstimation (extended abstract)

Featured article in the International Association for Urban Climate newsletter; AMS-2007SummaryPoster on impact of land-use on temperature trends, JGR NEW paper, Lim-Cai-Kalnay-Zhou (2007, JAMC-revised), GRL Lim-Cai-Kalnay-Zhou paper on the the impact of land-type on surface warming (in press), AGU-2005PPT, Nature Kalnay-Cai 2003paper on impact of land use on climate change (pdf), Corrigendum (pdf),CorrectedFig2, Corrected Fig3, Suppl Fig1, SupplFig2, Suppl Fig3,Response to comments , ChristianScience Monitor article (A parking lot effect?), letter to CSM editor from Kalnay and Cai, Related paper by Zhou, Dickinson, et al

4DVar or EnKF?(submitted to Tellus), 4DVar or EnKF (ppt-pdf), AdaptiveObservations, Corazza et al 2007 (NPG), LocalEnsemble Kalman Filter (Ott et al, 2004, Tellus); 4-DimensionalEnsemble KalmanFilter, Tellus, 2004 http://math.gmu.edu/~tsauer/fourdvar;LEKFexperimentswith the NCEP global model (Szunyogh et al, Tellus, 2005, in press). Hunt (2005, link), Harlim and Hunt (2006, link)

Estimating and correcting model errors(JAS 07), Estimating and correcting model errors (Danforth et al ESSIC seminar ppt), Estimating and correcting model errors (Danforth et al, MWR-2007). Defense presentation

IUGG 2003 Sushi lecture; ECMWF 2002 Predictability Book: Ensemble forecasting and data assimilation: two problems with the same solution? See also 50^thNWP Symposium. SAMSI Talk: 4D-Var or EnKF.

RISE 2004: Synchronization and data assimilation (PPT), JAS (2006) paper , RISE 2002: Evans et al (2004) BAMS Lorenz model is predictable, pdf version.

AMS 2004 extended abstracts: Land-use and climate change, Initialization of unstable coupled systems, Lifespan ofcoupled anomalies, Bred and Singular vectors and data assimilation, Regional Reanalysis, Local Ensemble Kalman Filter, 4D-Ensemble Kalman Filter,

50thNWPSymposium: Ensemble forecasting anddata assimilation, two problems with the same solution?, LEKF at UMd (Szunyogh et al 2005)

MOS, Perfect Prog and Reanalysis (Marzban, Sandgathe, Kalnay, MWR 2006)

Inverse 3D-VAR to precondition 4Dvar (Park and Kalnay, GRL, 2004 , Kalnay et al, 2000)

Breeding in a coupled system: Yang et al.(2007, subm MWR); Yang et al (JClim, 2006); Yang ESSIC Seminar 2006; Shu-ChihYang thesis; MIT-Seminar 2005; Pena and Kalnay, NPG,2004, Shu-Chih Yang, Kalnay and Cai (PPT); Bred Vectors of the Cane-Zebiak model (Cai et al), (Powerpoint)

AMS-2002: Use of Breeding in DataAssimilation (Corazza et al, 2002); Lyapunov and BredVectors (Kalnay et al 2002), (Powerpoint); Low dimensionality paper (Patil et al, PRL)

Breeding and the errors of the day (Corazza et al, 2003); Keeping the bred vectors young (Powerpoint)

One-Way and Two-Way ocean-atmosphere coupling (Pena et al); Lifespan of coupled anomalies (Pena et al, JoC, 2004)

Ensemble forecasting and data assimilation seminar at NCAR (powerpoint)

Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability (comments on the book